Difference between oracle 11g and oracle 12c

Oracle 11g and Oracle 12c are two major releases of the Oracle Database, each introducing significant features and improvements. Here are some key differences between Oracle 11g and Oracle 12c:

Oracle 11g:

1. Enhanced Partitioning: Oracle 11g introduced Interval Partitioning, making it easier to manage and automate the creation of partitions.

2. Advanced Compression: Improved data compression techniques, including table compression and backup compression, to reduce storage requirements.

3. Real Application Testing: Enhanced Real Application Testing features, including Database Replay and SQL Performance Analyzer for testing and analyzing the impact of changes on the database.

4. Automated Memory Management: Oracle 11g introduced Automatic Memory Management, simplifying the configuration and management of the database memory components.

5. Database Replay: A feature that allows the capture and replay of a database workload for testing and performance analysis.

6. Edition-Based Redefinition (EBR): EBR enables online application upgrades by allowing multiple versions of database objects to coexist simultaneously.

7. Virtual Column: Introduced the concept of a virtual column, which is a column whose value is derived from an expression or function.

Oracle 12c:

1. Multitenant Architecture: Oracle 12c introduced a multitenant architecture, allowing multiple pluggable databases (PDBs) to be managed as a single container database (CDB). This aims to simplify management and improve resource utilization.

2. Database as a Service (DBaaS): Oracle 12c extended its cloud capabilities with features like Database as a Service, enabling the deployment of databases in a cloud environment.

3. In-Memory Option: Oracle Database In-Memory option introduced a new columnar storage format for improved analytical query performance.

4. JSON Support: Enhanced support for JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data, including indexing and querying of JSON data.

5. Identity Columns: Introduced identity columns, making it easier to create and manage surrogate keys for tables.

6. Online Datafile Move: Oracle 12c allows datafiles to be moved while the database is online, simplifying maintenance tasks.

7. Rapid Home Provisioning: Simplified management of database homes with Rapid Home Provisioning, enabling the creation of standardized database environments.

8. Automatic Big Table Caching: Introduced automatic caching of large read-only tables in the buffer cache to improve query performance.

9. Unified Auditing: Oracle 12c unified auditing consolidates all audit trails into a single audit trail, making it easier to manage and analyze audit data.

These are just a few highlights, and both versions introduced numerous other features and enhancements. When considering an upgrade or choosing a version for a new deployment, it's important to carefully review the specific features that align with your requirements. Always refer to the official Oracle documentation for detailed information on each version's features and capabilities.